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# BMO 1991

If $$x^2+y^2-x$$ is a multiple of $$2xy$$ where x and y are integers then prove x is a perfect square.

Note by Lorenc Bushi
2 years, 1 month ago

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So we are given that $x^2+y^2-x-2kxy=0.$ Write $$x=a^2b$$ with $$b$$square-free. Then $a^4b^2+y^2-a^2b-2ka^2by=0,$ so $$a^2\mid y^2$$ and $$a\mid y$$, say $$y=ac$$ Then $a^2b^2+c^2-b-2kabc=0,$ so $$b\mid c^2$$ and as $$b$$ is square-fee in fact $$b\mid c$$, say $$c=bd$$. Then $a^2b+bd^2-1-2kabd=0,$ so $$b\mid 1$$. Assume $$b=-1$$. Then we have $a^2+d^2=2kad-1.$ As the right hand side is odd, exactly one of $$a,d$$ must be odd, the other even. But then the right hand side is $$\equiv -1\pmod 4$$ and the left is $$\equiv +1\pmod 4$$ We conclude $$b\ne -1$$, hence $b=+1$ and $x=a^2.$ and the proof is completed · 2 years, 1 month ago

Oh that's very nice! Much simpler than the approach I would have taken. Staff · 2 years, 1 month ago

Thanks for taking your time to it, but do you mind giving some clarification.How do you know that x is not prine or a product of primes per example 5 ,6,15,13 etc and cannot be written as you stated in your solution. Forgive me if im missing some important clue. Also i forgot to state that x and y are POSITIVE INTEGERS. Disregard this reply if you were based heavily on this conditiom. · 2 years, 1 month ago

See Vieta Root Jumping . Staff · 2 years, 1 month ago

Thanks,sir · 2 years, 1 month ago

Can you please give the main idea?I have been trying it for 3 days. · 2 years, 1 month ago