# Geometry

$$ABC$$ any triangle

Any $$BD$$ and $$CE$$ drawn such that $$D$$ lies on $$AC$$ and $$E$$ lies on $$AB$$

$$DE$$ drawn

$$BD$$ and $$CE$$ intersect at $$I$$

$$AO=OI$$

$$EN=ND$$

$$BM=MC$$

Prove that $$M-N-O$$ are collinear

Note by Megh Parikh
5 years, 2 months ago

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Why did every comment gets vote down?

- 4 years, 11 months ago

This is the Newton-Gauss line of a complete quadrilateral.

- 5 years, 2 months ago

We will use normalized barycentric coordinates $$A = (1,0,0)$$, $$B = (0,1,0)$$, $$C = (0,0,1)$$. Then $$D = (p,0,1 - p)$$, $$E = (q,1 - q,0)$$. Now $$N$$ is a midpoint of $$DE$$, hence $N = \left(\frac{p + q}{2}, \frac{1 - q}{2},\frac{1 - p}{2}\right)$ Equation of line $$BD$$ is $pz = (1 - p)x$ and equation of line $$CE$$ is $(1 - q)x = qy$ Intersecting these lines we get $I = \left(\frac{pq}{p + q - pq}, \frac{p(1 - q)}{p + q - pq}, \frac{q(1 - p)}{p + q - pq}\right)$ Now $$O$$ is midpoint of $$AI$$, hence $O = \left(\frac{p + q}{2(p + q - pq)}, \frac{p(1 - q)}{2(p + q - pq)}, \frac{q(1 - p)}{2(p + q - pq)}\right)$ And $$M$$ is midpoint of $$BC$$, so trivially $M = \left(0, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)$ Now note that $\begin{vmatrix} \frac{p + q}{2}& \frac{1 - q}{2}&\frac{1 - p}{2} \\ \frac{p + q}{2(p + q - pq)}& \frac{p(1 - q)}{2(p + q - pq)}& \frac{q(1 - p)}{2(p + q - pq)} \\ 0& 1/2& 1/2 \end{vmatrix} = 0$ Hence $$M,N,O$$ are collinear.

- 5 years, 2 months ago

I'm not sure I understand your last step. Are you taking the determinant of a matrix? I'm assuming that's what you're doing. How does that tell you that the three points are co-linear?

- 5 years, 2 months ago

The main idea is: If the area of a triangle is 0, then the vertices lie on a straight line.

Note that once you found the coordinates of the points, you could go about finding the line that these three points are on. However, unless the ratios are immediate, this often requires a bunch more algebra. Showing that the area is 0 could be more straightforward.

Barycentric coordinates merely make the algebra much easier / nicer. A coordinate geometry approach would work similarly, though with much uglier values.

Staff - 5 years, 2 months ago

See here http://zacharyabel.com/papers/Barycentric_A07.pdf page 5.

- 5 years, 2 months ago