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# INMO 2017 Board

$$(1)$$ Let $${ x }_{ 1 },...,{ x }_{ 2017 }$$ be positive reals such that

$$\huge\ \frac { 1 }{ { x }_{ 1 }+2017 } +\frac { 1 }{ { x }_{ 2 }+2017 } +...+\frac { 1 }{ { x }_{ 2017 }+2017 } =\frac { 1 }{ 2017 }$$

Prove that

$$\huge\ \frac { \sqrt [ 2017 ]{ { x }_{ 1 }{ x }_{ 2 }...{ x }_{ 2017 } } }{ 2016 } \ge 2017$$

Two circles enclose non-intersecting areas. Common tangent lines to the two circles, one external and one internal, are drawn. Consider two straight lines each of which passes through the tangent points on one of the circles. Prove that the intersection point of the lines lies on the straight line that connects the centers of the circles.

Hello everybody. Please post solutions of these problems and post problems on your own also.

These are sample problems.

Note by Priyanshu Mishra
9 months, 1 week ago

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Problem 1 was just an AM-GM.

Let $$y_i = \dfrac {1}{x_i + 2017}$$, so $$x_i = \dfrac {1 - 2017y_i}{y_i}$$

We have

$\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{2017} y_j = \dfrac{1}{2017}$

Thus,

\begin{align} \dfrac{1}{2017} - y_i &= \displaystyle \sum_{\substack{j=1\\ j \neq i}}^{2017} y_j\\ 1 - 2017 y_i &= 2017 \displaystyle \sum_{\substack{j=1\\ j \neq i}}^{2017} y_j\\ \end{align}

However, we also have

$\displaystyle \sum_{\substack{j=1\\ j \neq i}}^{2017} y_j \geq 2016 \left ( \displaystyle \prod_{\substack{j=1\\ j \neq i}}^{2017} y_j \right ) ^{\dfrac {1}{2016}}$

Therefore,

\begin{align} \displaystyle \prod_{i=1}^{2017} x_i &= \displaystyle \prod_{i=1}^{2017} \dfrac {1 - 2017y_i}{y_i}\\ & = \dfrac {\displaystyle 2017^{2017} \prod_{i=1}^{2017} \left (\displaystyle \sum_{\substack{j=1\\ j \neq i}}^{2017} y_j \right )}{\displaystyle \prod_{i=1}^{2017} y_i}\\ &\geq \dfrac {(2016 \times 2017)^{2017} \displaystyle \prod_{i=1}^{2017} \left ( \displaystyle \prod_{\substack{j=1\\ j \neq i}}^{2017} y_j \right )^{\dfrac{1}{2016}}}{\displaystyle \prod_{i=1}^{2017} y_i}\\ &= 2016^{2017} \times 2017^{2017}\\ \end{align}

This just rearranges to give us the desired expression. · 5 months, 2 weeks ago

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For problem 1 apply titus lemma in the constraint given and then apply AM GM and it's done. · 9 months, 1 week ago

@Racchit Jain

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