So I recently found out that
\[\sin {(a + bi)} = i\sinh {(b - ai)}\]
\[\cos {(a + bi)} = \cosh {(b - ai)}\]
and that
\[\sinh {(x)} = \frac {e^x - e^{-x}}{2}\]
\[\cosh {(x)} = \frac {e^x + e^{-x}}{2}\]
Since
\[\frac {a}{b} + \frac {b}{a} = \frac {a^2 + b^2}{ab}\]
\[\frac {a}{b} - \frac {b}{a} = \frac {a^2 - b^2}{ab}\]
and
\[(\frac {a}{b})^{-x} = (\frac {b}{a})^x\]
Re-arranging the equations for \(\sinh{(x)}\) and \(\cosh {(x)}\) gives us
\[\sinh {(x)} = \frac {e^{2x} - 1}{2e^x}\]
\[\cosh {(x)} = \frac {e^{2x} + 1}{2e^x}\]
Substituting these into \(\sin {(a + bi)}\) and \(\cos {(a + bi)}\) when \(x = b - ai\) gives us
\[\sin {(a + bi)} = i\frac {e^{2(b - ai)} - 1}{2e^{b - ai}}\]
\[\cos {(a + bi)} = \frac {e^{2(b - ai)} + 1}{2e^{b - ai}}\]
I'm going to try and expand and substitute by using
\[e^{a + bi} = e^a (\cos {(b)} + i\sin {(b)})\]
Let \(\cos {\theta} + i\sin {\theta} = \) \(cis\) \(\theta\). So
\[e^{a + bi} = e^a \cdot cis (b)\]
Next we substitute this new equation in to get
\[\sin {(a + bi)} = i\frac {e^{2b} \cdot cis (-2a) - 1}{2e^{b} \cdot cis (-a)}\]
\[\cos {(a + bi)} = \frac {e^{2b} \cdot cis (-2a) + 1}{2e^{b} \cdot cis (-a)}\]
So what does \(cis(a + bi)\) equal
Substituting in the two equations gives us
\[cis(a + bi) = \frac {e^{2b} \cdot cis (-2a) + 1}{2e^{b} \cdot cis (-a)} + i(i\frac {e^{2b} \cdot cis (-2a) - 1}{2e^{b} \cdot cis (-a)})\]
That looks unfriendly, let's simplify it
\[cis(a + bi) = \frac {1}{e^{b} \cdot cis(-a)}\]
(Go through the steps, it works)
This can be simplified even further
\[cis(a + bi) = \frac {cis(a)}{e^b}\]
P.s. \[(\cos {\theta} + i\sin {\theta})^n = \cos {\theta n} + i\sin{\theta n}\]
Note by
Jack Rawlin
3 years, 9 months ago
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Top Newest\[\begin{align*} \text{cis}(a+bi) &= e^{i(a+bi)}\\ &= e^{ia-b}\\ &= \dfrac{e^{ia}}{e^b}\\ &= \dfrac{\text{cis}(a)}{e^b} \end{align*}\]
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I did consider that but I wanted to make it as complex as possible so it would be fun to work out.
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Lol..Nice note!!
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Very nice note. Learned a lot!
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Although trigonometric functions can operate complex numbers, I think there is no complex angle but only real angles. Just like a doctor who can save lives, not all lives being saved are human being. Do you agree with me?
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