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# Momentum

From classical mechanics to quantum field theory, momentum is the Universe's preferred language to describe motion. Learn here about momentum, its conservation, and how it captures our intuitions.

# Momentum 2D - Problem Solving

Water with density $$1.00 \times 10^3 \text{ kg/m}^3$$ streams from a hose $$3.00\text{ cm}$$ in diameter, in a horizontal jet at a constant rate of $$19.0 \text{ m/s}.$$ It horizontally strikes a nearby vertical sponge-like water-absorbing wall, thereupon transferring all its kinetic energy to the wall so there is no splashing. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the water on the wall?

A toy that is initially at rest consists of three parts that are held together by spring-loaded clips. Suddenly the toy is broken into pieces because of loosened clips, and two of the pieces which have equal masses of $$26.0 \text{ g}$$ travel with velocities of $$4.0 \text{ cm/s},$$ one to the south and the other to the west. If the third piece travels with a velocity of $$2.0 \sqrt{2} \text{ cm/s}$$ due northeast, what is the mass of the third piece?

A projectile proton with a speed of $$240 \text{ m/s}$$ collides elastically with a target proton initially at rest. The two protons then move along perpendicular paths, with the projectile path deviating by $$60 ^\circ$$ from its original direction. After the collision, what is the approximate speed of the target proton?

A $$1560 \text{ kg}$$ car heading west at $$12 \text{ m/s}$$ turns right at a corner and travels north at $$9 \text{ m/s}.$$ Find the magnitude of the change in the car's momentum.

A $$2300 \text{ kg}$$ cannon mounted on a railway car fires a $$46 \text{ kg}$$ shell at a velocity of $$650 \text{ m/s}$$ at an angle of $$60^{\circ}$$ above the horizontal. What is the magnitude of recoil velocity of the cannon?

Details: ignore the effects of friction.

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