For positive integer , let . What is the value of ?
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For positive integers and , let be defined as . What is the value of ?
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For positive integers , , and , let be defined as , where is a mixed fraction. What is the value of ?
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For positive integers, , , and , let be defined by . What is the value of if
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For a positive integer , let . For example, Which of the following is equal to ?
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