Trigonometric Functions

Explore how periodic patterns and circular motion give rise to trigonometric functions.

56 Lessons731 Exercises

Periodic Phenomena

The Period of a Function

Horizontal Shifts of Periodic Functions

Midline of a Periodic Function

Amplitude of a Periodic Function

Predator and Prey

Level Review

Sine from Circular Motion

Cosine from Circular Motion

Period and Speed

Level Review

The Unit Circle

The Cosine Function

The Sine Function

Cosine & Sine Together

Complementary Angles

Level Review

The Pythagorean Identity

Triangles and the Unit Circle

The 45-45-90 Triangle

30-60-90 Triangles

Key Angles on the Unit Circle

Level Review

Arc Length on the Unit Circle

Arc Length on Any Circle

Radians

Level Review

Degrees to Radians

Radians to Degrees

Angle Identification

Coterminal Angles

Negative Angles

Level Review

Evaluating Cosine and Sine with Radians

Unit Circle Coordinates of 1, 0, and -1

Repeated Values of Cosine and Sine

Negative Values of Cosine

Negative Values of Sine

Evaluating Sine and Cosine

Level Review

The Sine Graph

The Cosine Graph

Cosine and Sine at Negative Angles

Sine and Cosine after 2π

Half-period shifts of Cosine and Sine

Quarter-period Shifts

Level Review

Tangent

Tangent and Triangles

Values of Tangent

Tangent in Four Quadrants

The Graph of Tangent

Level Review

Horizontal Stretches

Period of a Wave

Rational Periods

Amplitude

Midline Shifts

Phase Shifts

General Transformations

Level Review

Equations in cos(θ) and sin(θ)

Infinitely Many Solutions

All Solutions to Trig Equations

Trig Equations with Dilations

Non-linear Trig Equations

Level Review


Course description

Discover how the patterns behind tides, orbits, and other repeating phenomena connect to some of the most important functions in mathematics. Using interactive graphs and a dynamic unit circle, you'll build intuition for trigonometric functions from the ground up. This course starts with periodic functions: reading graphs, identifying period, amplitude, and midline, and predicting future behavior from a repeating pattern. From there, you'll see how circular motion naturally gives rise to sine and cosine, and explore how these functions connect to the geometry of the unit circle and special right triangles like the 45-45-90 and 30-60-90. By the end of this course, you'll be able to measure angles in both degrees and radians, evaluate sine and cosine at any angle on the unit circle, and understand the deep connection between periodic graphs, circular motion, and triangle geometry.


Topics covered

  • Periodic Functions
  • Circular Motion
  • The Cosine Function
  • The Sine Function
  • The Tangent Function
  • Arclength
  • Radians
  • Trigonometric Identities
  • Graphs of Trigonometric Functions
  • Transformations of Trigonometric Graphs
  • Inverse Trigonometric Functions
  • Solving Trigonometric Equations
  • Envelope Functions