Hi, you might have come across:\(\displaystyle \int e^{ax}\cos bx\) dx,
How do you solve it? You might use integration by parts, and also complex numbers, and I find use of complex numbers interesting!
Say \(A = \displaystyle \int e^{ax}\cos bx\)dx,
and \(B = \displaystyle \int e^{ax}\sin bx\) dx
Hence, \(A + iB = \displaystyle \int e^{ax} (\cos bx + i \sin bx)\)dx = \(\displaystyle \int e^{ax} (e^{i bx})\)dx
= \( \displaystyle \int e^{(a+ib)x}\)dx
= \( \displaystyle \frac{e^{(a+ib)x}}{a+ib}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{e^{(a+ib)x}(a - ib)}{a^2 + b^2}\)
\( \Rightarrow A + iB = z = \displaystyle \frac{e^{ax} (\cos bx + i \sin bx)(a - ib)}{a^2+b^2}\)
Clearly,
\(A = \text{Re}(z) = \displaystyle \frac{e^{ax}}{a^2+b^2} (a \cos bx + b \sin bx)\)
\(B = \text{Im}(z) = \displaystyle \frac{e^{ax}}{a^2+b^2} (a \sin bx - b \cos bx)\)
You can try to find this definite integral:
Problem: \(\displaystyle \int_{0}^{\pi} e^{(\cos x)} \cos(\sin x)\) dx
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Top NewestShort and Sweet! :) – Snehal Shekatkar · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Thanks! – Jatin Yadav · 3 years, 7 months ago
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\(cos { (\sin { x) } } =\quad ({ e }^{ isinx }+{ e }^{ -isinx })/2\\ { e }^{ cosx }\cos { (\sin { x) } } =\quad ({ e }^{ cosx+isinx }+{ e }^{ cosx-isinx })/2=({ e }^{ { e }^{ ix } }+{ e }^{ { e }^{ -ix } })/2\\ =((1+\frac { { e }^{ ix } }{ 1! } +\frac { { e }^{ i2x } }{ 2! } +...)+(1+\frac { { e }^{ -ix } }{ 1! } +\frac { { e }^{ -2ix } }{ 2! } +...))/2\)
In 2 more steps you will get the answer. The answer in this case is \(pi\) – Ankit Sultana · 3 years, 2 months ago
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Solve his other question too: Problem without words ! – Pi Han Goh · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Hi Jatin! Thanks for the great post, but just one thing I was wondering that incorporating i, the complex number, and using the usual laws of Calculus, is it mathematically correct, I mean the laws of calculus is for reals. I may be fundamentally wrong somewhere but I need the answer. – Jit Ganguly · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Awesome article.
By using your method I arrive at a step from where I can't proceed further.
The step is: \(A+iB=\int (e)^{e^{ix}}\,dx\), where \(A=\int (e)^{(cos x)}cos(sin x)\,dx\) and \(B=\int (e)^{(cos x)}sin(sin x)\,dx\).
How to do after this?Precisely,what's the real part? – Bhargav Das · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Hi, Bhargav, you are close, try to use expansion for \(e^x\). – Jatin Yadav · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Is the answer \(\pi\)? – Bhargav Das · 3 years, 7 months ago
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I reach the same answer but is it possible to evaluate \(B\)? – Pranav Arora · 3 years, 7 months ago
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\(W0w\) \(£xcellent approach\) – Harsh Soni · 2 years, 4 months ago
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It is an amazing approach to solve such problems. – Deepak Pant · 2 years, 7 months ago
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THANKS. VERY POWERFULL METHOD-CAN BE TACKLED ANY COMPLICATED INTEGRALS LIKE THIS ONE. – Prabir Chaudhuri · 2 years, 8 months ago
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Finally I got it! :) – Pranjal Jain · 2 years, 8 months ago
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Interesting method! – Paramjit Singh · 3 years, 1 month ago
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Easy approach....nice trick... – Prabhat Kumar · 3 years, 2 months ago
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Thanks a ton..! – Avadhoot Khairnar · 3 years, 2 months ago
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Answer is π – Ankit Sultana · 3 years, 2 months ago
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Too beautiful – Rishabh Chhabda · 3 years, 2 months ago
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great..:-) – Lalit Pathak · 3 years, 5 months ago
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-e^{-1} -1 is the ans – Shakir Khatti · 3 years, 6 months ago
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Awesome!! – Balaji Dodda · 3 years, 7 months ago
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You came our with a simple and an interesting solution the technique that triggered me was to solve it using By Parts Method but have to admit your approach was far far better than mines Can you tell me how do you get such ideas at and tender age of 15(Just Asking)? – Harshil Patel · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Hi, solving this integral using complex numbers is well(not very much well though) known. I did not come up with it myself. – Jatin Yadav · 3 years, 7 months ago
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Yeah, actually the same technique's been discussed with us at our insti as well... anyways, it's really good... – Saloni Gupta · 3 years, 7 months ago
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